Health, Nutrition and Exercise 
Summary of Stress Management
Eliminating Stress From Your Environment
If your living and working environments are badly organised then they can be a major source of stress. If your environment is well organised and pleasant, then it can help to reduce stress and increase productivity. Remember though that while it may be important for people under stress to have a calm environment, others may enjoy the raised levels of arousal associated with the 'buzz' of a busy office. While the points listed may each contribute only in a small way to creating a more pleasant environment, taken together they can have a significant effect in reducing stress:
This section explains how you can reduce stress in your environment by improving:
- Air quality
- Lighting
- Decoration and tidiness
- Noise
- Furniture & Ergonomics
- Personal space
Air quality
Poor air quality can make life unpleasant. The following factors can contribute to the problem:- Smoking
- Air conditioning
- Heating
- Ionisation by electrical equipment
- Overcrowding
- Pollution
- Solvents in e.g. carpets and furniture
- Excess humidity or dryness
You can do a number of things to improve air quality and reduce the stress caused by it:- Ban smoking
- Open windows
- Use an ioniser. This helps to freshen the air by eliminating positive ions created by e.g. electric motors powering computer fans.
- Use dehumidifiers where humidity is a problem
- Introduce plants where the air is too dry. Evaporation of water from the plant pots or from the plants themselves will help to raise humidity. Plants also raise the amount of oxygen in the air and reduce stuffiness.
Lighting
Bad lighting can cause eye strain and increase fatigue, as can light that is too bright, or light that shines directly into your eyes. Fluorescent lighting can also be tiring.What you may not appreciate is that the quality of light may also be important. Most people are happiest in bright sunshine - this may cause release of chemicals in the body that bring a feeling of emotional well-being. Artificial light, which typically comprises only a few wavelengths of light, does not seem to have the same effect on mood that sunlight has.
Try experimenting with working by a window or using full spectrum bulbs in your desk lamp. You will probably find that this improves the quality of your working environment.
Decoration and tidiness
If your environment at work or home is dirty, uncomfortable or neglected, then this can cause stress. Similarly if your living or working area is untidy and chaotic, then this can be distracting. It is important, however, not to be dogmatic about tidiness: while it is very difficult to successfully co-ordinate many tasks in an untidy work area, it is perfectly possible to work on one task successfully. The recent trend of 'clear desk' thinking arrogantly ignores one of the most important lessons about human beings: that people work in different ways.
Noise
Noise can cause intense stress.In a working environment a high level of background noise can severely impair your ability to concentrate. In an open plan office, the sound of people talking casually, of office machinery, or of meetings going on can seriously undermine the quality of work done. Ringing telephones disturb not only the person to whom the call is directed, but also other people in the same area.
Large amounts of background noise during the day can cause irritability, tension and headaches in addition to loss of concentration.
Solutions to noise at work can involve:
- installation of partitions,
- use of meeting rooms separate from the main work area,
- use of quiet rooms when concentration is needed,
- and, if all else fails, use of earplugs.
In a home environment, unwanted noise can be even more stressful and irritating as it intrudes on private space. Where noise comes from neighbours or someone sharing the house, it may be effective to try a pleasantly assertive approach. Ask that music is turned down or that a different room be used as a child's nursery.
Where noise comes from outside the home, double glazing may be effective in reducing it.
Furniture & Ergonomics
Another source of stress is muscular tension and pain caused by bad furniture, or by bad use of good furniture.This normally shows itself in backache caused by badly designed chairs or by bad seating positions in properly designed chairs, although it can show itself in other ways. It is important to take the time to arrange your working environment so that it is comfortable. For example, when you consider that you may spend a large proportion of each day sitting in a particular seat, it is worth ensuring that it is not causing you pain or damaging your body.
If you work at a computer, then it is worth ensuring that the monitor and keyboard are comfortably positioned, and that you are well-positioned relative to them. If you find that tendons in your hands get sore when you type for sustained periods, then it may be worth experimenting with a 'natural' keyboard. If you find that your eyes get sore when looking at a monitor, or that you start to get headaches, then try taking breaks periodically.
If you feel that you are experiencing pain from your environment, it may be worth looking into ergonomics in more detail.
Personal space
It is important for people to feel that they have sufficient personal space at work and at home. You may have experienced the dissatisfaction, stress and irritation of working at a different desk each day, or of sleeping in a different hotel room each night. This unpleasant situation is largely caused by the lack of power to organise and control the space in which you operate.Other people can also cause you stress when they impose themselves on your personal space, perhaps entering it uninvited.
The ideal way of establishing personal space is to have a room or office of your own, into which you control access. If this is not possible, you can block off areas with furniture, screens or blinds.
In the highly undesirable situation where no personal space is available, then you can establish some feeling of ownership by bringing personal objects such as small plants or photographs of loved-ones into the workspace.
Some recent experiments in management practice have involved eliminating personal space in the working environment, allocating different working cubicles to members of staff each time they come in. The idea behind this is to keep sales people out of the office. If your employer shows this level of contempt for you, then the best thing may be to find another job with a better company.
