Management has been defined as the process of getting things done through and with people in formally organized

Nature of Work

This vast field encompasses almost all areas of work. It is not so much a structured career, as an activity. Its purpose is to make the best use of available resources-human, money, materials, equipment and time in order to achieve a given objective. Managers are team leaders, and at all levels must enthuse subordinates into carrying out tasks in a way that they themselves would wish to have done them. 

They are also expected to ensure that operations run smoothly in their particular field or department. One of the most important aspects of management is communication. Managers spend 70 to 90 per cent of their time talking to people-in conference, on the phone, in one-to-one discussion.

Major Tasks Performed

Broadly, managers perform five important tasks in an organization. These are:

PLANNING: 

That is the process of developing or formulating an agenda for action towards a specified goal.

ORGANISING: 

Which involves determining the activities that are required to be undertaken and grouping, assigning and delegating them to various people.

STAFFING: 

Or recruiting and placing individuals with the Business Management appropriate qualifications and skills and training for present and future needs of the organization.

DIRECTING: 

Which includes channelising, influencing and guiding subordinates.

CONTROLLING: 

To ensure that activities undertaken conform to a pre-arranged plan.

Cross-Functional /Special Areas

The increasing complexity, diversity and expansion of management activity have given rise to a number of cross-functional specialist areas. For instance, a multinational trading company might require a financial manager who has specialized in international management; or a non-governmental organization in rural development would employ a rural marketing expert. Some of these cross-functional areas in management are:

INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: 

Dealing with all areas in international trade and business, including aspects like foreign collaboration, technology transfer and international management strategy.

PUBLIC SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT: 

Which includes the management of public enterprises, non-governmental organizations and co-operatives.

RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: 

Besides resource planning, also studies the effects of business and industry on the natural environment.

TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT: 

Specializes in all aspects of technology, including policy, financing and marketing.

HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT: 

Responsible for efficient running of hospitals.

HOTEL MANAGEMENT: 

Concentrates on all aspects of hospitality and hotel administration.

RURAL MANAGEMENT: 

Is concerned with rural functional areas like marketing; management accountancy; finance; rural behavior and environment; production; field studies; rural producers; human resources; and integrated rural management.